“From a theorist and modeler’s perspective,” explained lead author Ben Lynch, Associate Research Physicist at the Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, “the availability of high-performance computing infrastructure like NCCS Discover is absolutely necessary for advancing our first-principles understanding of complex, multi-scale physical systems such as solar and stellar atmospheres.
NASA and university researchers modeled a gigantic superflare and coronal mass ejection from Kappa Ceti—a Sun-like star 29 light-years away from Earth—employing NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) high-performance computing resources.
The simulated explosion released ~700,000 times the energy used by all humans on Earth over an entire year, an event as powerful as our Sun’s famous 1859 Carrington superstorm. A solar storm of this magnitude today would widely damage communications and electrical power infrastructure, with $40 billion in daily economic losses in the U.S. alone. Astoundingly, observations show superflares 10 times more powerful erupting from Kappa Ceti.
The computations used the 3D Adaptively Refined Magnetohydrodynamics Solver (ARMS) code developed by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center’s Rick DeVore, Spiro Antiochos, and collaborators. The ARMS simulation described in the research team’s Astrophysical Journal paper ran on 256 cores of the NCCS Discover supercomputer for ~200 hours. The simulation produced 300 gigabytes of data later moved to NCCS local storage for analysis and visualization, yielding another 300 gigabytes of data.
These results show that global-scale shear can energize the closed magnetic field lines of the stellar corona (atmosphere) sufficiently to power an eruptive superflare from Kappa Ceti releasing as much energy as the massive Carrington event.
Images and the Complete Article, courtesy of NASA Center for Climate Simulation
